F.A.Q.s
What is Epilepsy?
What are seizures?
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A seizure is a disturbance in the electrical activity of the brain. Twenty-five million Americans (1 in 10) have had, or will have, at least one seizure at some time in their lives.
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Seizures may include muscle spasms, mental confusion, a loss of consciousness and/or uncontrolled or aimless body movements.
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Seizures may be frequent or rare. They may last a second or several minutes. They may be severe or mild.
There are two main types of seizures:
Generalized - begin with a release of neurons throughout the brain
- They include: "grand mal"
(loss of consciousness, stiffening of body, jerking of limbs)
- Absence seizures or "petit mal"
(blank spells, staring, slight twitching)
Partial - begin with a release of neurons in just one part of the brain
- They include:Simple Partial seizures
(uncontrolled body movements, brief changes in sensory perceptions)
- Complex Partial seizures
(confusion, loss of awareness, aimless movements)
- Infantile Spasms
(babies have sudden, jerking seizures)
What are some of the causes of epilepsy?
- Head trauma
- Infection: Meningitis, Viral Encephalitis
- Brain tumor
How is epilepsy diagnosed?
- Medical History
- Physical Exam and Lab Tests
- Neurological Exam
How is epilepsy treated?
- Anti-convulsive medication
- Surgery
- VNS: Vagus Nerve Stimulation